2020级“译名堂”毕业翻译研讨- 第二十六场
汇报时间：2022年12月22日18:30-20:00
汇报地点：腾讯会议911-260-505
汇报学生：钟宇琴
指导教师：孙越川
汇报题目：《中国超级水电工程生态环境工程创新技术》（2.1-3.5.3）汉英翻译实践报告
参与导师：孙越川、张之帆、何姗
内容简介：
本次翻译实践报告的翻译材料选自国家出版基金项目——《大国重器·中国超级水电工程·糯扎渡卷》之《生态环境工程创新技术》分册。本书由中国水利水电出版社于2021年出版，是一部介绍糯扎渡水电站工程中有关生态环境保护的高水平科研工程专著，以期为我国绿色水电和可持续水电的研究，以及水电水利行业环境保护设计水平的提高，提供有益的参考和借鉴。
本书共10章，书籍的翻译工作由译者与同组译员合作完成，译者负责部分为2.1-3.5.3，源文本共计15,230余字，皆属于中文原版材料。该部分重点论述了叠梁门分层取水工程和鱼类增殖放流工程。第二章主要探讨如何减缓糯扎渡水电站对河流水温的影响，从而减少对河道内鱼类的影响；而第三章则聚焦于人工增殖放流这一弥补因水电水利工程建设导致鱼类资源量下降的一种有效措施。叠梁门分层取水、人工增殖放流、过鱼设施等保护措施对减缓水电开发对鱼类造成的不利影响有着重要的意义，实现了水电开发与生态环境保护相得益彰。
译文修改：
例1：
ST: 天然情况下，糯扎渡坝址处多年平均水温为18.6℃，一般水温范围在13.2-22.7℃，极端最低水温为12.0℃，极端最高水温为25.0℃。
TT1: Under natural conditions, the annual average water temperature at the dam site of the Nuozhadu Hydropower Station is 18.6℃, the general water temperature range is 13.2-22.7℃, the extreme minimum water temperature is 12.0℃, and the extreme maximum water temperature is 25.0℃.
TT2: Under natural conditions, the average water temperature of many years at the dam site of the Nuozhadu Hydropower Station is 18.6℃, with a general water temperature range of 13.2-22.7℃, an extreme minimum water temperature of 12.0℃ and an extreme maximum water temperature of 25.0℃.
例2：
ST: 进水塔采用岸塔式，正向进水，引水道中心间距25m，进口前缘宽度225m。进水塔顺水流向长度为31.45m,依次布置拦污栅、检修闸门、事故闸门和通气孔。进水塔建基高程为733.00m,底板高程为736.00m。
TT1: The intake tower is of shore tower type with positive power intake, the center distance of the intake channel is 25m, and the width of the intake leading edge is 225m. The length of the inflow direction of the intake tower is 31.45 m, and the trash rack, maintenance gate, accident gate and ventilation hole are arranged successively. The base elevation of the intake tower is 733.00m, and the elevation of the bottom plate is 736.00m.
TT2: The intake tower adopts the shore intake tower with 25m of the center distance of the intake channel and 225m of the width of the intake leading edge, and the inflow direction is consistent with the direction of the intake pool. The length of the inflow direction of the intake tower is 31.45m, and the trash rack, maintenance gate, accident gate and ventilation hole are arranged successively. The base elevation of the intake tower is 733.00m, and the elevation of the bottom plate is 736.00m.
例3：
ST: 珍稀鱼类增殖放流站最终选址位于坝址下游澜沧江左岸一级支流大中河畔的业主营地内，便于业主管理和环保部门监督检查，已建成有连接业主营地的对外交通道路，交通便利。
TT1: The final site of the rare fish proliferation and releasing station is located in the owner’s camp on the bank of the Dazhong River, a first-level tributary of the Lancang River left bank, downstream watershed of the dam site where the external conveniently traffic road connecting the owner’s camp has been built, which is convenient for the owner’s management as well as the supervision and inspection by the environmental protection department.
TT2: The final site of the rare fish proliferation and releasing station is located in the owner’s camp on the bank of the Dazhong River, a first-level tributary of the Lancang River left bank, downstream watershed of the dam site where a convenient external traffic road connecting the owner’s camp has been built, favoring the owner’s management and the supervision and inspection by the environmental protection department.
研讨反思：
通过此次翻译研讨会，对水电类中文文本的英译有了新的认知，同时也认识到了自己需要提升之处。
首先，中文形散，而英文句子间逻辑体现分明。因此，翻译时要把握中文句子的逻辑,并将该逻辑用英文体现出来。在翻译过程中，要紧密联系上下文，将原文的结构和意义理解清楚，从而挖掘其所要表达的真正意义。例如，“便于业主管理和环保部门监督检查”被直译为“which is convenient for the owner’s management as well as the supervision and inspection by the environmental protection department”，并未体现真实含义及其深层逻辑。实际上，这里的“便于”并不是强调方便之意，而是指“有利于”，具有递进之意。从这一例子可以看出，如果只是一味翻译字面意思，那么最终的译文不仅会逻辑结构混乱，还会不知所云。因此，必须要深入了解原文逻辑，忠实且准确地将其翻译出来，对于把握不准的地方，可以寻求导师或专业人士的帮助和建议，使译文更地道、流畅。
其次，对于专有名词和术语要多方查证，不仅要借助平行文本，还要通过网络资源找到出处。例如，“多孔式分层取水”中的“多孔”，直译是“porous”，但经图片求证以及多方求证，在此处是指“多孔洞”，因此因译为”multi-holes type power intake with multi-levels“。由此可见，对术语和专有名词等的翻译需要慎之又慎。
最后，要注意译文表达的客观性和准确性。此次的翻译材料属于信息型文本，原文内容客观真实，注重传递水电领域的生态环境工程创新技术。因此在翻译时，要以目标语读者为中心，充分考虑读者的感受和反应，语言必须要通顺、简洁且客观，力求符合目标语读者的语言习惯，进行准确翻译。
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